What Does “Take in Vain” Mean?

The phrase “take in vain” most commonly appears in the context of the Third Commandment from the Bible: “Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain.” To “take [something] in vain” means to use it carelessly, irreverently, or without proper respect—especially when referring to sacred names or oaths.

Origin and Usage

Originating from religious texts, particularly Exodus 20:7, the expression has influenced moral and legal traditions in many Western cultures. Over time, “in vain” has also come to mean “without success” (e.g., “He searched in vain”), but in the phrase “take in vain,” the emphasis is on misuse or profanation.

Modern Interpretations

Today, many people interpret “taking God’s name in vain” as using divine names as exclamations (e.g., “Oh my God!”) or swearing falsely by them. Others extend the principle to any disrespectful invocation of what one holds sacred.