astonish 是一个表示“使惊讶”的及物动词，常用于描述某事令人感到震惊或难以置信。以下是其常见搭配及用法。
1. astonish + 宾语（人）
这是最基础的结构，表示“使某人惊讶”。
- The news astonished everyone.
- Her courage astonished her teachers.
2. astonish + 宾语 + with/by + 名词/动名词
说明使人惊讶的具体内容。
- He astonished us with his knowledge of ancient history.
- She astonished the audience by singing in five languages.
3. be astonished at/by + 名词/动名词
被动语态，强调“对……感到惊讶”。
- We were astonished at the speed of his recovery.
- I was astonished by how calm she remained.
4. It astonishes me that...
用于表达说话者本人的惊讶情绪。
- It astonishes me that no one noticed the mistake.
- It astonishes me how quickly technology changes.
注意事项
astonish是及物动词，后面必须接宾语，不能单独使用（如不能说 “I was astonished.” 而应说 “I was astonished by something.”）。- 近义词包括
amaze、surprise，但astonish语气更强，通常指“震惊”而非一般“意外”。