在英语中,形容词 disappointed(失望的)通常需要搭配特定的介词使用。常见的介词包括 with、at、by 和 in。它们的用法略有不同,下面逐一说明。
1. disappointed with
最常用的形式,表示“对某人或某事感到失望”。
- I'm disappointed with the service.(我对服务感到失望。)
- She was disappointed with her exam results.(她对自己的考试成绩感到失望。)
2. disappointed at / about
多用于对某种情况、事件或结果感到失望,语气略正式。at 和 about 常可互换。
- We were disappointed at/about the cancellation of the event.(我们对活动取消感到失望。)
- He's disappointed at the lack of progress.(他对缺乏进展感到失望。)
3. disappointed by
强调“被某人/某事的行为或结果所导致的失望”,常用于被动意味较强的语境。
- They were disappointed by his sudden resignation.(他们对他突然辞职感到失望。)
- I was disappointed by how little effort he put in.(我对他付出的努力之少感到失望。)
4. disappointed in
通常用于对人(尤其是亲近的人)的品格、行为或表现感到失望,带有情感色彩。
- My parents are disappointed in me.(我父母对我感到失望。)
- Don't be disappointed in him—he's just a kid.(别对他失望——他还是个孩子。)
总结对比
- with:通用,适用于人或事物。
- at/about:侧重对事件或情况的反应。
- by:强调原因或引发失望的具体行为。
- in:多用于对人的内在品质或长期表现失望。
注意:虽然这些介词在某些语境下可以互换,但母语者通常会根据细微语义选择最自然的搭配。