基本含义对比
say 通常强调“说的内容”，后面常接直接引语或间接引语。
speak 更侧重“说话”这个动作本身，常用于正式场合、语言能力或与某人交谈。
典型用法示例
say 的常见结构：
say something（说某事）say to someone（对某人说）He said, “Hello!”（直接引语）She said that she was tired.（间接引语）
speak 的常见结构：
speak English（讲英语）speak to/with someone（与某人交谈）He spoke at the conference.（在会议上发言）May I speak to John?（电话用语）
常见误区
- ❌ “He said English very well.” → ✅ “He speaks English very well.”
- ❌ “She spoke that she was busy.” → ✅ “She said that she was busy.”
总结
记住一个简单规则：
使用 say 时，关注“说了什么”；
使用 speak 时，关注“谁在说”、“说什么语言”或“是否在讲话”。